Abstract
Peritoneal metastasis (PM) from colorectal cancer (CRC) carries a significant mortality
rate for patients and treatment is challenging. The development of PM is a multistep
process involving detachment, adhesion, invasion and colonization of the peritoneal
cavity. Cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC (hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy)
for PM from CRC has some benefit but overall survival is poor and recurrence rates
are high. Treatments to prevent the development of peritoneal metastasis could have
the potential to improve CRC survival and disease-free outcomes.
The ability of cancer cells to invade the peritoneum and become established as metastatic
tumors is influenced by a multifactorial process. Hyaluronic acid (HA) has been shown
to coat the mesothelial cells of the peritoneum and has been demonstrated to be utilized
in various malignancies as part of the metastatic process in peritoneal dissemination.
CD44, RHAMM (CD168) and ICAM-1 have all been shown to be binding partners for HA.
Targeting HA-mediated binding may prevent adhesion to distant sites within the peritoneum
through suppression of interaction of these molecules. Here we review the current
literature and discuss key molecules involved with PM dissemination, with the potential
to target these mechanisms in the delivery of future treatments.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: November 28, 2021
Accepted:
November 22,
2021
Received in revised form:
October 30,
2021
Received:
May 2,
2021
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